The technical development that marks the third generation of computers is the use of integrated circuits or ICs in computers. An integrate circuit is a piece of silicon (a chip) containing numerous transistors. One IC replaces many transistors in a computer; result in a continuation of the trends begun in the second generation. These trends include reduced size,reduced cost, increased speed, and reduced need for air conditioning.作为第三代计算机标志的技术发展是在计算机中使用集成电路或简称IC。一个集成电路就是包含许多晶体管的一个硅片(芯片)。一个集成电路代替了计算机中的许多晶体管，导致了始于第二代的一些趋势的继续。这些趋势包括计算机体积减小、成本降低、速度提高和对空调的需要减少。
Although integrated circuits were invented in 1958, the first computers to make extensive use of them were not available until 1964. In that year, IBM introduced a line of mainframe computers called the System/360. The computers in this line became the most widely used third-generation machines. There were many models in the System/360 line, ranging from small, relatively slow, and inexpensive ones,to large, very fast, and costly models. All models, however, were compatible so that programs written for one model could be used on another.This feature of compatibility across many computers in a line was adopted by other manufacturers of third-generation computers.虽然集成电路发明于1958年,但是直到1964年才出现了第一台广泛使用IC的计算机。那一年，IBM推出了称为System/360的大型计算机系列。这一系列的计算机成为使用最广泛的第三代计算机。在System/360系列中有许多机型,从小型的、相对较慢的且价格低廉的机型，到大型的、非常快的且价格昂贵的机型。然而,所有的机型都是兼容的，以便在一个机型上编写的程序可以用于另一个机型。这个在许多计算机系列间兼容的特征被其他第三代计算机制造商所采用。
The third computer generation was also the time when minicomputers became widespread.The most popular model was the PDP-8, manufactured by DEC.Other companies, including Data General Corporation and Hewlett-Packard Company, introduced minicomputers during the third generation.计算机的第三代也是小型计算机普及的时代。最流行的小型机是由DEC制造的PDP-8。其他公司,包括数据通用公司和惠普(Hewlett-Packard)公司,在第三代期间开发了小型计算机。
The principal software development during the third computer generation was the increased sophistication of operating systems. Although simple operating systems were developed for first-and second-generation computers, many of the features of modern operating systems first appeared during the third generation.These include multiprogramming, virtual memory, and time-sharing.The first operating systems were mainly batch systems, but during the third generation, interactive systems, especially on minicomputers, became common. The BASIC programming language was designed in 1964 and became popular during the third computer generation because of its interactive nature.在第三代计算机期间，软件的主要发展是操作系统的复杂化程度提高。虽然为第一代和第二代计算机开发了简单的操作系统,许多现代操作系统的特征首先在第三代期间出现。这些特征包括多道程序设计、虚拟存储和分时技术。第一代操作系统主要是批处理系统,但是在第三代期间，交互式系统开始普及，尤其是在小型计算机上。BASIA语言发明于1964年，并由于其交互式特征而在第三代计算机期间大为流行。
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