商务英语翻译教程 Commercial Translation(九)– 英汉翻译中“虚”与“实”的转化

三月 12, 2013 | posted in: Company Blog | by

第八章 英汉翻译中“虚”与“实”的转化
英语翻译中的“虚”与“实”的转换主要涉及对英语名词、副词和形容词的汉译。本章将讨论三种情况。
一、抽象名词“虚”与“实”的转化 (又称在抽象名词后增加名词) 例如 1. A firm’s involvement in exporting products can range from a minimal commitment all the way to considering exports as necessary for the firm’s survival and growth. 公司在产品出口中参与情况的程度不一,从最低程度的参与一直到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参 与都会存在。 英语中有很多抽象名词源自动词或形容词。翻译时可根据上下文在其后面增添适当的名词,使译文更合乎规 范。如: to persuade说服 persuasion说服工作 to prepare准备 preparation准备工作 arrogant自满 arrogance自满情绪 antagonistic敌对 antagonism敌对态度 tense 紧张 tension紧张情况(关系、局势、心情) 2. We have a great manyto do at present. 我们当前有许多事情要做。

二、副词的“虚”与“实”的转化(副词转译成形形容词后加名词“例 1”,有些副词直接转译成名词“例 2”) 1. They have not done so well ideologically, however, as organizally. 但是,他们的、思想工作没有他们的组织工作做得好 2.He is physically weak but mentally sound. 他身体虽弱,但思想健康。

三、容词的“虚”与“实”的转化(形容词转译成动词)1.Integrity means you do want you do because it’s right and not just fashionable or politically correct. 诚实意味着去做你认为对的事,而不仅仅是为了赶时髦或在政治上不出错。 2.Don’t be afraid of those who might have a better idea or who might even be smarter than you are. 不要惧怕那些想法可能比你高明,或者那些可能比你更聪明的人。

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