法律法规三个主要部分的翻译技巧Legal Translation

十月 9, 2012 | posted in: Company Blog | by

“开场白”、“结束语”以及“规定与罚则”是每一部法律法规必不可少的内容,掌握了这三个部分的翻译,法律法规的翻译会变的简单、容易的多。

一、先来看“开场白”。下面便是一部典型的地方法规的卷首语:

第一条 为加强市容和环境卫生管理,创造和维护整洁、优美的市容环境,保障人民身体健康,促进经济发展和社会文明进步,根据有关法律、法规,结合本市实际情况,制定本条例。(摘自天津市市容和环境卫生管理条例)

开场白一般有四个雷打不动的组成部分。即“为了”、“根据”、“结合”、“制定”。根据英语行文特点,应该先翻“制定”,These Regulations are enacted (formulated),一般formulate用的多些,从英语词义分析,enact似乎更加准确些。有学者主张把enact与formulate一起用上。准确是准确了,但是毕竟显得有点儿累赘。下面是译文:

Article 1  These Regulations are enacted in accordance with pertinent laws and regulations and in light of the concrete conditions of this Municipality, with the purpose of strengthening the administration of cityscape and environmental sanitation, creating and maintaining a clean, beautiful cityscape and environment, protecting people’s health, promoting economic growth, civilization and progress of society.

还有三处小地方需要说明一下。

1. 条例也可以用单数。 

 

2. “条例”与“本市”大写的目的是为了醒目、突出,并与本条例中提到的另外一些条例加以区别。

3. With the purpose of 或者with the aim to 后边都应该用动词+ing的形式

在开场白中,往往还有一些关键名词的解释,实施本法的范围以及负责单位的任命等项内容。现分别说明如下:

关键名词解释:

第三条  本条例所称的劳动和社会保障(以下简称劳动保障)监察,是指劳动保障行政部门依法对用人单位和劳动者、就业服务机构、医疗服务机构遵守劳动保障法律、法规的情况进行监督检查,对违反劳动保障法律、法规的行为依法进行处理的行政执法活动。(摘自《天津市劳动和社会保障监察条例》)

  Article 3 The labour and social security (hereinafter abbreviated as labour security) supervision mentioned in this Regulation refers to the activities of the administrative department for labour security, in supervising and checking, according to law, employing units and labourers ,employment intermediary agencies, and medical facilities of their observation of the laws and regulations on labour security and, in handling, according to law, acts breaching laws and regulations on labour security.

实施本法范围:

第二条 在本市行政区域内从事建设工程的新建、扩建、改建等有关活动,以及对建设工程质量实施监督管理的,必须遵守本规定。(摘自《天津市建设工程质量管理规定》)

Article 2  These Regulations apply to the newly-built, expanded and renovated construction projects carried out in this Municipality and the quality control thereof.

负责单位:

第六条 天津经济技术开发区管理委员会(以下简称开发区管委会)是天津市人民政府(以下简称市人民政府)的派出机构,代表市人民政府对开发区实行统一管理。(摘自《天津经济技术开发区条例》)

Article 6 The Administrative Committee of the Tianjin Economic―Technological Development Area (hereinafter referred to as TEDAAC) is delegated by the Tianjin Municipal People’s Government (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal People’s Government), and shall exercise a uniform administration of TEDA on behalf of the Municipal People’s Government.

既然在中文法律文书行文中,开场白的上述内容是必不可少的,翻译起来,也有一些比较固定的译法,不妨一记。“所称”……“是指”,有几种常见的译法。

一是如上面的译文所示“mentioned……refers to ”,也可以翻译成“be referred……shall be”;

“必须遵守本规定”或者“适用本规定”,可以一律翻译成“apply to”,没不要把前者翻译成“must abide by”。。

二、再看一下“结束语”的翻译。结束语首先要说,本条例从何时起生效,有的时候还要说明以前制定的某某条例同时废止。请看上述有关市容条例的结束语以及译文:

第五十九条  本条例自公布之日起施行。1998年2月25目天津市第十二届人民代表大会常务委员会第四十次会议通过的《天津市环境卫生管理条例》同时废止。

Article .59  These Regulations shall become effective as from the date of promulgation. The Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on Environmental Sanitation that was adopted at the 40th Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth Tianjin Municipal People’s Congress on February 25, 1998 shall be abrogated simultaneously. wwww.legaltranz.com

“生效”译法不一而足。经常选用的有:take effect,come into effect,become effective 等等。 如果原文是从某日起实施,要用as of 这个词组,比如从2003年12月20日起实施,要说These Regulations shall take effect as of December 20,2003,而不要说成as from December 20,2003。“同时废止”则比较简单,译成be abrogated simultaneously 即可

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