点心

点心是一种中国南方常见的食品种类(尤其是在香港和邻近香港的地区)。因此它实际上源于中文里的方言粤语。这个词最开始表示“触动你的心”，但现在只用来描述餐点。许多种食物是在竹篮上蒸的，也有其他的菜肴，比如汤品和烤面包。如果你从没有尝过点心，去吃一些吧，很美味。

例句:

Tony invited us to eat dim sum and we had a wonderful time! The food was delicious, and the little pieces were actually easy to eat with chopsticks.

托尼邀请我们吃点心，我们度过了一段美好的时间!食物很美味，而且这些小块的点心很容易用筷子夹起来吃。

　2. Gung-ho

　　狂热的

中文里，这个短语表示“一起工作”，但是在英语中它使用比较随意，用来表示你对某件事情感到很兴奋或很有热情。我们一般把它用作形容词。

例句:

I was really gung-ho to eat dim sum, but when we got to the Chinese restaurant it was closed for a holiday! We were all really disappointed.

我非常喜欢吃点心，但当我们到达中餐馆时发现因为假期歇业了。真的很失望。

3. Kung fu

　　功夫

和空手道一样，这或许是你已经认识的词，因为它在世界上许多语言中都很常见。功夫是另一种流行的武术。通常练武的人只用他们的手和脚，不用武器。它在数不清的英语电影、电视节目、书籍和歌曲中都很有特色。

例句:

I’m tired of bullies beating me up. I’m going to learn kung fu so I can defend myself if they attack me again!

我厌倦了被欺凌恐吓，我要学习功夫，这样他们再攻击我的时候我就能保护自己。

4. Tofu

　　豆腐

这个词源起中文的dou fu，但被收录进英语之前，它经历了日语的转变，成为了tofu。在中文中，dou表示豆子，fu表示腐烂的或酸的。如果用这种方式理解，它听起来并不好吃，但实际上它非常美味。如果你还没尝过，你应该试一次。

例句:

I know you’re vegetarian, but this restaurant has lots of great options! For many of the dishes you can just substitute the meat with tofu or another vegetarian option.

我知道你是素食主义者，但这家餐厅有许多很棒的选择。有许多餐点你都可以用豆腐或其他素食品来代替肉。

5. Typhoon

　　台风

这个词的起源其实很复杂，但有些人说它是源自中国词taifeng，意味着大风，还有可能受到如希腊语、阿拉伯语和希腊语的影响。台风是飓风和旋风的另一个称呼。如果是在临近亚洲的太平洋海域，它被称为台风。

例句:

In 2014 Typhoon Haiyan hit the Philippines and caused a lot of damage. It was one of the biggest typhoons ever recorded.

2014年台风海燕席卷菲律宾，造成很大的破坏。它是迄今为止记录的最大台风之一。

　6. Yin and yang

　　阴阳

中文里，yin代表女性的、黑暗的和夜晚的，而yang则代表相反的事物：男性的、明亮的和白昼的。在英语中，这些词用来代表任何相反的事物。

例句:

Mary is the yin to Peter’s yang. They’re complete opposites, but they have a happy marriage. I guess it’s true that “opposites attract”!

玛丽是阴，皮特是阳。他们完全相反，但婚姻很幸福。我想异性相吸是对的。

品质形容词汇总贴

able 有才干的，能干的

active 主动的，活跃的

adaptable 适应性强的

adroit 灵巧的，机敏的

aggressive 有进取心的

alert 机灵的

ambitious 有雄心壮志的

amiable 和蔼可亲的

amicable 友好的

analytical 善于分析的

apprehensive 有理解力的

aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的

audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的

capable 有能力的，有才能的

careful 办事仔细的

candid 直率的

charitable 宽厚的

competent 能胜任的

confident 有信心的

conscientious 认真的，自觉的

considerate 体贴的

constructive 建设性的

contemplative 好沉思的

cooperative 有合作精神的

creative 富创造力的

dashing 有一股子冲劲的，有拼搏精神的

dedicated 有奉献精神的

devoted 有献身精神的

dependable 可靠的

diplomatic 老练的，有策略的

disciplined 守纪律的

discreet (在行动，说话等方面)谨慎的

dutiful 尽职的

dynamic 精悍的

earnest 认真的

well-educated 受过良好教育的

efficient 有效率的

energetic 精力充沛的

enthusiastic 充满热情的

expressive 善于表达

faithful 守信的，忠诚的

forceful (性格)坚强的

frank 直率的，真诚的

friendly 友好的

frugal 俭朴的

generous 慷慨的

genteel 有教养的

gentle 有礼貌的

hard-working 勤劳的

hearty 精神饱满的

honest 诚实的

hospitable 好客的

humble 恭顺的

humorous 幽默的

impartial 公正的

independent 有主见的

industrious 勤奋的

ingenious 有独创性的

initiative 首创精神

have an inquiring mind 爱动脑筋

intellective 有智力的

intelligent 理解力强的

inventive 有发明才能的，有创造力的

just 正直的

kind-hearted 好心的

knowledgeable 有见识的

learned 精通某门学问的

liberal 心胸宽大的

logical 条理分明的

loyal 忠心耿耿的

methodical 有方法的

modest 谦虚的

motivated 目的明确的

objective 客观的

open-minded 虚心的

orderly 守纪律的

original 有独创性的

painstaking 辛勤的，苦干的，刻苦的

practical 实际的

precise 一丝不苟的

persevering 不屈不挠的

punctual 守时的

purposeful 意志坚强的

qualified 合格的

rational 有理性的

realistic 实事求是的

reasonable 讲道理的

reliable 可信赖的

responsible 负责的

self-conscious 自觉的

selfless 无私的

sensible 明白事理的

sincere 真诚的

smart 精明的

spirited 生气勃勃的

sporting 公正的

steady 塌实的

straightforward 坦率的

strict 严格的

systematic 有系统的

strong-willed 意志坚强的

sweet-tempered 性情温和的

temperate 稳健的

tireless 孜孜不倦的

众所周知，中国网民擅长提出诡异又有创意的词语来形容新闻事件中的人和事……而且这些词语就像野火一般迅速蔓延开来。

From “skinny blue mushrooms” to “melon-eating masses”, the BBC takes a look at what has captured their imaginations this year.

从“蓝瘦香菇”到“吃瓜群众”，BBC盘点了一下今年激发中国网民想象力的人和事。

‘Sichuan Trump’

“川普”

US President-elect Donald Trump is known as “chuanpu” by mainstream media outlets.

美国总统当选人唐纳德·特朗普被主流媒体称为“川普”。

But the weirdest riff of all happened when some speculated that he was actually from the southwest province best known for its pandas and spicy food.

但最不可思议的段子就是有人猜测川普实际上来自中国西南地区的一个省，那儿因熊猫和辛辣食物而闻名。

The conspiracy theory, spread on social networks Weibo and WeChat, is that Trump was born in 1946 in Sichuan when his father set up a business in China.

“川普于1946年出生于四川，当时他的父亲在中国做生意”该阴谋论迅速在社交媒体微博和微信上传播开来。

It’s nonsense of course, but that hasn’t stopped some locals from claiming him as “the pride of Sichuan” – despite his recent verbal attacks against China.

当然这都是胡说八道的，然而虽然川普最近发表过攻击中国的言论，但这也阻止不了部分当地人称川普为“四川的骄傲”。

‘Prehistoric powers’

“洪荒之力”

National swimmer Fu Yuanhui not only won a bronze medal at the Rio Olympic Games, but also scored a win with viewers in China in a now-iconic TV interview.

国家游泳运动员傅园慧不仅在里约奥运会上赢得了一枚铜牌，而且也在一次标志性电视采访中赢得了中国观众的好感。

When told she had qualified for the final, Fu pulled a comically exaggerated face and declared: “I have used all my prehistoric powers to swim!”

当被告知她赢得决赛资格的时候，傅园慧露出滑稽又夸张的表情说：“我已经用了洪荒之力了!”

‘Prehistoric powers’, or “honghuangzhili”, was swiftly adopted as a term for an unstoppable force, while Fu became an internet darling.

很快，“洪荒之力”就被用来形容一种不可阻挡的力量，而傅园慧也因此成为了网红。

‘Meteorological disaster’

“天灾”

As several Chinese cities choke in the annual winter smog, the Beijing authorities have come up with one novel way to address the problem.

随着多个中国城市陷入一年一度的冬季雾霾中，北京当局提出用一种新的方式来处理这个问题。

Earlier this month, municipal lawmakers said they were considering classifying smog as a meteorological disaster or “tianzai”, arguing that the smog was caused not only by pollution but also weather conditions.

本月早些时候，市政立法议员表示，他们在考虑把雾霾归类为“天灾”，并主张雾霾不仅仅是由污染引起的，天气状况也是引起雾霾的一个原因。

The move drew mockery online from fed-up citizens with even state media publishing rare criticism. People’s Daily quoted one professor saying that the plan “not only goes against science, it will also create an excuse for polluters to escape their culpability.”

这项举动引来不满网民们的嘲弄，甚至官方媒体都发表了罕见的指责。人民日报引用了一位专家对此的评论，这项规划“不仅与科学相悖，而且还为污染环境者提供了一个逃避罪责的借口。”

‘Skinny blue mushroom’

“蓝瘦香菇”

One man’s misfortune in love turned out to be a goldmine for netizens, when a man from Guangxi province uploaded a video of himself talking about his loneliness while his girlfriend was away.

广西一名男子在女朋友离开后上传了一个自述孤独的视频，然而这名男子不幸的爱情成为网民们的笑谈。

“Unbearable, I want to cry,” he moaned – but thanks to his heavy accent, it ended up sounding more like “skinny blue mushroom”.

“难受，想哭，”他抱怨道，然而因为他浓重的口音，结果听起来就像“蓝瘦香菇”。

“Lanshouxianggu” was swiftly shared more widely and took off as a meme, mostly as a way to mock the southern Guangxi accent.

很快，“蓝瘦香菇”的表情包就在网上扩散开来，而且大多都在调侃广西南部的口音。

‘Melon-eating masses’

“吃瓜群众”

The fullest expression of this term is “the melon-eating masses who don’t know what’s really going on”.

这个词语的完整版为“不明真相的吃瓜群众”。

Its origin is unclear, but netizens often use this – sometimes derogatorily – to describe a passive group of bystanders at a major incident or event.

这个词语的出处未知，但网民们经常使用这个词语，有时候是带有贬义地比喻被动围观重大事件的旁观者。

‘Setting a small target’

“设定一个小目标”

China’s wealthiest man, Wang Jianlin, was met with the hollow laughter of cynical netizens earlier this year when he dished out advice on how to get rich.

今年早些时候，中国首富王健林给出了如何致富的建议，而愤世嫉俗的网民们则以虚伪的笑声作为回应。

“First set yourself a small target, for example, I first targeted to earn 100 million yuan!” he said in a television interview in August.

在八月的一次电视采访中，他说道，“首先你要设定一个小目标，比如，我先赚上一个亿!”

What followed was an avalanche of sarcasm online as people pointed out the impossibility of earning the equivalent of $14.3m in their entire lifetimes, let alone as a first step. The term has since been used sarcastically to refer to an impossible goal.

他的建议引来了网络上的大量讽刺，人们指出自己一生都不可能赚一个亿(相当于1430万美元)，更不用说作为第一个目标。自那以后，这个词语就被用来讽刺一个不可能实现的目标。

1. Do you have a family?

【正确理解】你有孩子吗?

2. It’s a good father that knows his son.

【正确理解】就算是最好的父亲，也未必了解自己的儿子。

3. I have no opinion of that sort of man.

【正确理解】我对这类人很反感。

4. The picture flattered you.

【正确理解】你比较上照。

5. He is a walking skeleton.

【正确理解】他很瘦。

6. You don’t know what you are talking about.

【正确理解】你在胡说八道。

7. You don’t begin to understand what they mean.

【正确理解】你根本不知道他们在干嘛。　(not begin to：毫不)

8. They didn’t praise him slightly.

【正确理解】他们大大地表扬了他。

9. That’s all I want to hear.

【正确理解】我已经听够了。

10. I wish I could bring you to see my point.

【正确理解】你要我怎么说你才能明白呢。

11. You really flatter me.

【正确理解】你让我受宠若惊。

12. He made a great difference.

【正确理解】他很关键。

13. You cannot give him too much money.

【正确理解】你给他再多的钱也不算多。(not…too/over…连用表示“再…也不为过”)

14. The long exhausting trip proved too much.

【正确理解】这次旅行旷日持久，我们都累倒了。

15. She held the little boy by the right hand.

【正确理解】她抓着小男孩的右手。(这里”by”与”with”动作主语完全相反)

16. Are you there?

【正确理解】你还在听吗?(等于Do you follow me?)

17. If you think he is a good man, think again.

【正确理解】如果你认为他是好人，那你就大错特错了。

18. That took his breath away.

【正确理解】他大惊失色。

19. Two is company but three is none.

【正确理解】两人成伴，三人不欢。

20. Students are still arriving.

【正确理解】学生还没有到齐。

有个刁钻的单词测试陷阱重重，让用户确定常见易拼错单词的正确拼写。

The test from Playbuzz asks users to choose the right answer from two options with the wordsshowcasing just the slightest of differences in the spelling.

Playbuzz测试给用户两个选项，其拼写有细微差异，让用户选出正确的选项。

According to the quiz’s creator only around seven percent of participants will be able to achieve full marks on the test.

测试的设计者称，只有百分之七的参赛者能拿到测试满分。

Before it was shared with the Internet the test was given to 92 Americans and only six were able to pass it with flying colours.

测试公布在网上前，给了92个美国人做测试，只有六人可以轻松通过。

The quiz includes some of the most misspelled words in the English language according to Oxford English Corpus.

小测验包含了牛津语料库里英语语言最容易拼错的单词。

那么究竟是哪些单词那么难拼对呢?

答案：

A way of describing someone as persistent, but can you spell it?

A: Assiduous说一个人持之以恒，怎么拼?答案是Assiduous

Does this word have one or two of the letter ‘a’? A: Changeable

这个词有几个字母a?答案是Changeable

Is there an ‘e’ in this synonym for whirlpool?

A: Maelstrom“旋涡”这个词的近义词有没有e? 答案是Maelstrom

How many of the letter ‘i’ do you need to spell this right? A: Munificent

拼对这个单词要几个i?答案是Munificent

Is it an ‘a’ or ‘e’ in the correct spelling of this word for remedy. A: Panacea

“灵丹妙药”这个词里面有没有a或者e呢?答案是Panacea

Is it ‘i’ before ‘e’ or vice versa? A: Hierarchy

i和e哪个在前?答案是Hierarchy

When spelling this way of saying abundance do you use one or two ‘t’s’. A: Plenitude

表示“丰饶”你用几个t?

If you are benevolent are you philanthropic or philantropic? A: Philanthropic

“有善心”、“热衷慈善”，你是哪一类?答案是Philanthropic

If you are argumentative how is this word spelled? A: Pugnacious

说你好辩驳，这个词怎么拼?答案是Pugnacious

Is there an ‘i’ or a ‘u’ in this word for tiny. A: Minuscule

表示“小”的时候这个词有没有i或者u?

Would you spell this word with an ‘a’ or an ‘e': A: Privilege

拼“优势：这个词的时候你写不写a或e?

How do you spell this synonym of supplant? A: Supersede

”代替“的近义词你怎么品?是Supersede

The entrance of a building is spelled how? A: Threshold

大楼进口处怎么拼?Threshold

Is it double ‘c’ or double ‘u’ in the spelling of this cleaning appliance? A: Vacuum

清洁用具有两个C还是两个U?答案是Vacuum

How would you spell this way of saying a period of 1000 years? A: Millennium

你”一千年“这个词怎么拼?答案是Millennium

Would you use triple or quadruple ‘s’ in this spelling? A: Possession

这个单词你拼3个S还是4个S?答案是Possession

How do you spell this word for necessary? A: Indispensable

”必不可少“这个词怎么拼?答案是Indispensable

If you are hard working how would you spell that? Conscientious

表示“你很努力”你怎么拼?Conscientious

Is it ‘i’ before ‘e’ or ‘e’ before ‘i’? A: Leisure

i和e哪个在前? 是Leisure

In this spelling do you use an ‘e’ or an ‘a’ after the ‘s’? A: Perseverance

S后面有没有E或者A?答案是Perseverance

If you are feeling thankful how is that word spelled? A: Grateful

“感激”这词怎么拼?是Grateful

The followers of Scottish theologian and scholar Duns were considered enemies of learning by 16th-century humanists and reformers, who referred to them as ‘dunces’. So if classroom or scholarly foolishness is the sticking point, then dunce is the right word for you.

苏格兰神学家和学者Duns的追随者被16世纪的人文主义者和改革者认为是学习的敌人，这些改革者称他们为“愚人”。如果课堂或学业落后是表达的关键含义，那么dunce是合适的词。

　2. ignoramus 无知者

‘Ignoramus’was the endorsement given by a grand jury when they considered the prosecution’s evidence for an indictment not sufficient to warrant the case going forward. The modern sense of ignoramus may come from the name of a character in George Ruggle’s 1615 comedy Ignoramus, which satirizes the ignorance of lawyers.

“Ignoramus(无知的人)”是大陪审团认为控方的证据起诉不足以继续时给出的标注。现代意义上的Ignoramus的含义可能来自1615年乔治的喜剧电影中一个角色的名字，来讽刺无知的律师。

　3. dullard 笨蛋;愚人

Not only foolish, but also dull! Dullard comes from the Middle Dutch word dullaert, from dul (‘dull’).

这个词不仅代表愚蠢，而且表示无趣!愚人dullaert荷兰词汇dullaert，来自dul(“乏味的”)。

4. drongo 愚蠢的人

A loanword from Malagasy, this Australian and New Zealand English word refers either to a variety of songbird or to a stupid or incompetent person.

来自马达加斯加的外来词，这个澳大利亚和新西兰英语单词是指各种各样的告密者或愚蠢不称职的人。

5. klutz笨手笨脚的人

From the Yiddish word klots, meaning ‘wooden block’, klutz refers to someone who is clumsy, awkward, or foolish. Yiddish has been a particularly fertile source of these words, including schmuck, putz, and schlemiel.

来自意第绪语单词klots，意思是“木块”，klutz指笨拙的人，或者愚蠢的人。意第绪语中表示愚笨的词汇很丰富，包括schmuck笨蛋，putz笨蛋，schlemiel倒霉的人。

6. nincompoop 傻子，笨人

Nothing stings quite like this playground insult. Say it out loud to yourself –hear how hurtful those syllables are?

没有任何伤害比这样的侮辱更伤人。如果对自己大声说出来，听到的音节是多么的伤人?

7. blockhead 木头人;笨蛋

The OED puts it best: ‘A wooden head, a wooden block for hats or wigs; hence, a head with no more intelligence in it than one of these, a blockish head.

《牛津英语词典》的解释最恰当:“一个木制的头，戴帽子或假发的木头，因此，这种脑袋中放不下才智，含义为愚蠢的人。

8. dunderhead笨蛋;傻瓜

Blockhead is only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to ‘head’name-calling. There’s also the wonderful-sounding dunderhead, and a score of others, including chucklehead, knucklehead, muttonhead, pudding-head, thickhead, airhead, and pinhead.

Blockhead(傻瓜)只是冰山的一角，当谈到“head头”骂人。还有听起来更好的dunderhead笨蛋，还有其他，包括chucklehead傻瓜，knucklehead傻瓜，muttonhead傻瓜，pudding-head傻瓜，thickhead笨蛋，airhead傻瓜，pinhead 小东西。

9. dumbo 傻瓜

This term, which comes from the simple combination of dumb+ o, was popularized in the 1950s by the Disney film Dumbo. Poor cartoon elephants!

这一项，来自dumb + o的简单组合，在1950年代由迪斯尼电影小飞象流行起来。可怜的卡通大象!

　　从有着几百年历史的小说到描写存在主义历史的作品，BBC的简·西亚巴塔丽选出了本年度不容错过的最佳书籍：

　10. Yaa Gyasi, Homegoing

　　10、雅·吉亚斯：《回家》

Gyasi creates an unforgettable cast of characters as she follows seven generations of a family through the dislocations and continuing repercussions of slavery.

吉亚斯在书中创造了一众令人难忘的人物角色，介绍了在持续不断的奴隶制度的影响下，一个家庭的七代人颠沛流离的生活。

9. Sarah Bakewell, At the Existentialist Café

　　9、莎拉·贝克韦尔：《在存在主义的咖啡馆里》

Bakewell’s idiosyncratic begins At the Existentialist Café. She tracks the growth of Existentialism, and shows how its emphasis on authenticity and freedom are relevant today.

《在存在主义的咖啡馆里》这部作品体现了贝克韦尔个人特有的风格。她在书中记录着存在主义的发展轨迹，并说明了当代现实主义对真实性和自由的重要意义及密切相关性。

8. Ruth Franklin, Shirley Jackson: A Rather Haunted Life

　　8、路德·富兰克林和雪莉·杰克逊：《焦虑不安的生活》

Shirley Jackson was best known for literary suspense. Jackson’s unique contribution, writes Franklin, was “her primary focus” on the lives of her generation of women who were raised in the mid 20th Century.

雪莉·杰克逊以悬念类作品而著称。富兰克林写道，杰克逊的独特贡献在于，“她主要关注”成长于20世纪中期她那个时代的女性们的生活。

7. Liz Moore, The Unseen World

　　7、利兹·摩尔：《未被发现的世界》

Moore captures the powerful ties between father and daughter as she unspools a string of compelling scientific and personal mysteries.

摩尔抓住了父亲和女儿之间强有力的纽带，并在书中讲述一系列有关科学和个人的扣人心弦的秘密。

6. Ben H Winters, Underground Airlines

　　6、本·H·温特斯：《隐秘的航空公司》

Winters’ timely new work of speculative fiction is set in an alternative US: Lincoln never became president, the Civil War never happened, and there are still slaves in the certain states. Winters, an Edgar award winner, has crafted a fast-moving thriller with a contemporary ethical framework.

温特斯适时推出的新作品《隐秘的航空公司》，这部推理小说是以一个另类的美国为背景的：在那里林肯没有成为总统，美国没有发生内战，在一些州奴隶依然存在。埃德加奖获得者温特斯创作了一部情节紧凑的恐怖小说，并在小说中引入了当代的伦理框架。

Brexit一词也许只有在特里莎·梅眼里是“脱欧”的意思，对于许多人来说，该词的定义仍然模糊不清。近日《牛津英语词典》帮助大家释义解惑。本周，包括Brexit在内，《牛津英语词典》共收录了1500个新词。

Fiona McPherson, senior editor on the OED said:” the word had been one of the fastest to move fromcoinage to definition and listing”.

词典高级编辑菲奥纳•麦克弗森称：“许多词语由新词快速上升为一种定义，并被列入词典，而Brexit就是其中速度最快的之一”。

YouTubers, defined as frequent user of the video-sharing website YouTube, especially someone who produces and appears in videos on the site is included in the dictionary for the first time.

YouTubers(油管人)首次被纳入词典，指频繁使用视频分享网站YouTube(油管)的用户，特别是自己制作视频并且出镜的人们。

Singer Beyonce had a hand in the listing of Bama, originally a 1920s abbreviation of the US state of Alabama. It evolved to become slang for a person from the rural American south, but was reclaimed this year by the singer in Formation, a track from her latest album Lemonade.

Bama一词的收录得力于歌手碧昂斯，该词最早是20世纪20年代对美国阿拉巴马州的缩写，而后演化成了一个俚语，指来自美国南部乡下的人。但碧昂斯在今年的最新专辑《Lemonade》里的单曲《Formation》中重新使用了这个词。

Leading the way for Baby Boomers is glam-ma: a glamorous grandmother, especially one who iscomparatively young or fashion-conscious.

抢了Baby Boomer(婴儿潮时代出生的人)风头的是glam-ma(时尚奶奶)：指风韵犹存的高龄女性，尤指相对年轻、有时尚气息的老奶奶。

Words are admitted to the OED, McPherson said, according to their usage.

麦克弗森说，《牛津英语词典》会根据用法来收录词语。

“Once a word goes in, it doesn”t come out. We have to have examples of it having passed into common usage or within a specialist area.”

她说：“一个词语一旦被收入字典，就不会被删除。当它成为常用词或专业词后，我们必须举出与之相关的例子。”

1. No 不

Let’s start with the easy one. No dates to Old English.

让我们从简单的开始。No可以追溯到古英语。

2. uh-uh 啊;哼

The imitative uh-uh is first found in its written form in the 1920s.

书面形式的uh-uh在1920年代首次出现。

3. Nix 拒绝;不行

Originally Victorian slang, nix can be compared withthe earlier German nix, which is a colloquial shortened form of nichts (‘nothing’).

最初是维多利亚时代的俚语，与德语中的nix相近，是nichts(其含义为nothing“没什么”)的口语缩写形式的。

4. nixie / nixy / nixey 不

And it wasn’t long until this slang term was given a –y/-ie suffix, used to form pet names and familiar diminutives.

没多久，这个俚语添加了-y/-ie后缀，用来作宠物姓名和熟人的昵称。

5. nope 不

The earliest sense of nope was actually another name for the bullfinch, used in the early 17th century –but fast forward to the the late 19th century and nope is being used for no, with an apparently arbitrary extension, at around the same time that yep began being used for yes.

实际上，在17世纪早期，Nope最早的含义是红腹灰雀(bullfinch)的别名。但到19世纪末期时，nope被用来表达no的意思(不)，相似地，大约在同一时间，yep开始被用于表达yes(是)的含义。

6. nay 不;拒绝

This form of no is particularly characteristic of Northern English. In origin it is a borrowing from early Scandinavian (cf. Icelandic nei). You could once also nick with nay –that is, ‘answer in the negative’.

Nay的使用是英国北部语言的特征。早期起源于北欧冰岛的nei。你可以用nay来表达否定的含义。

7. nah

A non-standard spelling of no, nah is often used when representing southern English pronunciation, particularly cockney speech

非标准拼写，常用作南方发音的代表，特别是伦敦音。

8. no way 决不;一点儿也不

Though decried as slang by some, no way (for ‘no’) has a long history, dating back at least as far as the 18th century.

有人认为这个表达只是俚语表达，但no way有很长的发展历史，可以追溯到18世纪以前。

9. no way, José 拒绝;决不

It’s not entirely clear why José is added to this expression, other than the obvious novelty of the rhyme. Its history (unsurprisingly) is far shorter, with the current earliest known use dating only to 1979.

no way后面添加José的原因还并不清楚，但发音更加舒适。这个用法出现的时间较短，最早的使用是在1979年。

10. negative 否定，拒绝

If you’re feeling in a military frame of mind, you can say negative instead of no (as opposed to affirmative for yes). This probably started as a way of saying ‘no’over the radio with as much clarity as possible.

如果你内心崇尚军事，你可能会说negative而不是no(对应的肯定词为yes)。这可能由于在广播中采用negative来表达否定含义，因为negative比no更清晰。

11. veto 否决;禁止

Veto joins that group of Latin words that are used as everyday parts of English. Literally translating as ‘I forbid’, this is a fairly commanding way to show your disapproval of a scheme.

Veto来源于日常拉丁词汇。按字面翻译为“我禁止……”，这是一个相当强硬的方式表明你反对某个计划。

12. out of the question 不可能

Originally meaning ‘beside the point, not relevant to the matter under discussion. One of the earliest uses of this later sense comes from Eliza Haywood’s The History of Betsy Thoughtless: ‘A marriage with miss Betsy was, therefore, now quite out of the question with him’.

最初的意思是“离题，与正在讨论的问题无关的”。out of the question作为“不可能”最早出自伊丽莎海伍德的作品《贝琪的粗心历史》中:“因此，他和贝特西小姐结婚是不可能的。

13. no siree

You would be right in thinking that siree here is derived from sir —ultimately it is, but it developed as a variant of sirrah (much used in Shakespeare), which (in turn) was formed directly from sir with a (perhaps arbitrary) suffix, as a term used when addressing men or boys with contempt.

Siree源于sir，sir是sirrah的变体，sirrah又sir和后缀(可能是arbitrary)组成，用来表示对男性的轻蔑。

14. for foul nor fair 不可能

Putting opposites together to cover a spectrum is a pretty good way to indicate that something isn’t going to happen: this one can be found as far back as Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales.

将反义词放在一起表达一些不会发生的事是非常好的方式:这个用法最早可以追溯到乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》。

15. not on your life 一点也不;绝对不行

This emphasizes your reluctance to comply with a request –that, even if the requester’s life was at stake, you’d still be a hard pass.

这个俚语强调你不愿遵守某一个请求——即使请求者有生命危险，你也不愿意服从。

16. not on your Nelly 绝对不

The British expression not on your Nelly, in its earliest incarnation in a 1941 issue of the New Statesman . Not on your Nelly is just another way of saying not on your life.

not on your Nelly是英式表达，这个表达最早出现在1941年发行的《新政治家》上。Not on your Nelly是not on your life的另一种表达。

17. not on your tintype

Atintypewas a photograph taken as a positive on a thin tin plate but also found its way into this phrase, which dates to at least 1900.

Tintype最初指的锡版照相法，后在大约1900年以前Tintype在短语中也有应用，。

18. not for all the tea in China绝不可能

This phrase, despite drawing on Britain’s national obsession, is actually originally from colloquial Australian English.

英国人很倾向于用这个短语，但这个短语源于澳大利亚口语。

19. not in a million years 绝不可能

People haven’t been using it for quite a million years, but it certainly dates back over a century.

这个短语的使用可以追溯到一个世纪以前，但已经很久没什么人使用了。

20. under no circumstances 决不

For avoidance of doubt, this one pretty much covers all bases. Circumstance was originally a noun of action or condition, in the singular, but is now usually pluralized.

为避免产生歧义，你可以用这个词组来表达坚决的否定。起初词组中的circumstance用的是单数，但现在都是用复数形式了。

21. not likely 不见得;不会

Although you’re probably in complete control of the likelihood or otherwise of something happening if you say not likely, it’s an option for dismissing someone’s suggestion with a bit of sass.

如果你说not likely，你可能对事情的可能性及发生的事有一定把握。如果有人提了无礼请求，可以用这个词拒绝。

22. not for Joe 决不

The phrase not for Joe, meaning ‘not on any account’, dates from the mid-19th century and appears to use Joe as a non-specific person (although the phrase may have originally arisen from the name of the 18th-century comedian Joe Miller, and a popular jest-book published after his death).

短语not for Joe意思为not on any account “决不”，可以追溯到19世纪中叶，当时joe并不代表具体的个人，(尽管这个词可能最早出现是由于18世纪的喜剧演员乔?米勒，一个受欢迎的笑话集在他去世后出版)。

23. thumbs down 拒绝

Turning the thumb down is, of course, a gesture intended to indicate disapproval or rejection –and the term can be used figuratively for the same thing; i.e. a substitute for no –but it’s got a somewhat muddled history. The earliest uses of thumbs down and thumbs up relate to ‘the use of the thumb by the spectators in the ancient amphitheatre’–but in these instances, thumbs up would indicate rejection.

当然将大拇指反转向下的手势表示反对或拒绝，这个短语可以用来代替no——但短语的来源历史却比较混乱。最早使用拇指向下指的是“古剧场中观众大拇指指向”。但是，在这些情况下，大拇指向上意味着拒绝。

24. pigs might fly 不可能

Pigs (we hate to break it to you) don’t fly, andpigs might fly, pigs have wings, and similar expressions are used to indicate impossibility or incredulity. The first known use, in this way, of pig’s grounded behaviour is not quite synonymous with no –but has the distinction of being found in Alice’s Adventures of Wonderland: ‘‘I’ve a right to think,’said Alice sharply…‘Just about as much right,’said the Duchess, ‘as pigs have to fly.’’

猪当然是不会飞的，类似的pigs might fly, pigs have wings地表达用来表示“不可能;怀疑”。第一次为众所周知的以猪的行为作比喻的用法是在《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中，爱丽丝说：“I’ve a right to think(我有权思考)”。公爵夫人回答了一句“Just about as much right as pigs have to fly”(对，这个权利就像猪在天空飞翔一样)。

25. not a cat (in hell)’s chance 没有机会

If you think the pig did badly, the cat fares even worse: as far back as Grose’s Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue in 1796, he cited ‘No more chance than a cat in hell without claws; said of one who enters into a dispute or quarrel with one greatly above his match’. Its application now is, of course, rather wider than disputers and quarrellers.

如果你认为猪的表现力不够，那猫的表现更糟:早在在1796年，格罗斯的俗语词典中，他以“No more chance than a cat in hell without claws;来比喻一个人进入一个对手远比自身强大的争议或吵架之中。当然，现在的应用更广泛，不仅仅运用在争吵中。

26. fat chance 机会很小

Fat chance is an ironic use of the adjective fat in its sense ‘a large amount, a great deal’. Interestingly, this sense seems only to be used ironically, implying ‘very little, hardly anything’.

Fat chance是形容词fat的讽刺用法。Fat chance原意为“大量的”，有趣的是，通常都含有讽刺意味，表示“很少;几乎没有”。

27. catch me!

Catch me! and catch me at it! are also suggestive of their opposite: that is, that the interlocutor would never be able to catch the person at it, since it (whatever ‘it’is) wouldn’t happen. The sense of catch being used is ‘to come upon suddenly or unexpectedly’, which is also still used in sentences such as ‘I catch myself speaking like my mother’.

Catch me和catch me at it(抓住我)有时也表达相反的含义：表示对方并不能发现某人在某方面的真实状况(it可指具体的方面)，暗指这件事不会发生。Catch在这里的含义为“偶然发现、无意中发现”。这种含义现在仍然使用，例如“I catch myself speaking like my mother”。(我突然发现我和我妈妈的说话语气很像)。

28. no fear 不

Fear here originally meant ‘ground or reason for alarm’, though even in its earliest uses (including a 16th-century translation of Psalms) it appeared chiefly in (there is) no fear –that is, that there is no grounds for alarm. The usual sense now is as an informal but definite no.

这里的fear最初表示“惊慌/恐惧的原因和根据”，在最早的使用中(16世纪的诗篇翻译)，no fear—“没有原因和根据的惊恐”。现在no fear 是no的非正式表达。

29. go fish 拒绝

Go fishis an American card game, usually played by children, in which each player in turn asks an opponent for a particular card and is told to ‘go fish’from the undealt deck if denied. The term has taken on broader use as a playful way of saying no.

Go fish是美国纸牌游戏，通常由儿童参与，每位玩家轮流向对手要特定的牌，如果对方拒绝给牌就会说“go fish”，后来这个说法被广泛使用来代表示一种玩笑式的“no”。

八卦 trigram

阴、阳 yin, yang

道 Dao(cf. logo)

江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)

e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)

道 Daoism(Taoism)

上火 excessive internal heat

儒学 Confucianism

红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology

世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)

大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done

不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …

合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people

乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge

铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post

脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty

治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline

2、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)

国庆节 National Day

中秋节 Mid-Autumn Festival

春节 Spring Festival

元宵节 Lantern Festival

儿童节 Children’s Day

端午节 Dragon Boat Festival

妇女节 Women’s Day

泼水节 Water-Splashing Day

教师节 Teachers’ Day

五四青年节 Youth Day

3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)

馄饨 wonton

锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)

花卷 steamed twisted rolls

套餐 set meal

盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away

米豆腐 rice tofu

魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu

米粉 rice noodles

冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)

火锅 chafing dish

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding

粉丝 glass noodles

豆腐脑 jellied bean curd